Charlene Is 12, and Her Elderly Aunt Has Come for a Visit

question 62

Multiple Choice

Charlene is 12, and her elderly aunt has come for a visit. The aunt is using the spare bed in Charlene's room. Several times during the night, the aunt awakens briefly and then falls back to sleep. Charlene doesn't awaken at all during the night. This difference in sleep patterns can BEST be explained by research that shows

• A)during adulthood, the proportion of REM sleep gradually increases.
• B)during adulthood, the proportion of slow-wave sleep increases significantly.
• C)the elderly are more affected by jet lag and shifts in their circadian rhythm.
• D)during adulthood, the proportion of slow-wave sleep gradually declines.

---

Definitions:

Esteem Needs

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, these represent the human need for respect, self-esteem, and recognition from others.

Self-actualizing Individuals

People who have achieved the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, realizing their potential and possessing an ongoing appreciation for life and personal growth.

Reciprocal Determinism

A concept in psychology that suggests an individual's behavior is both influenced by and influences personal factors and the environment simultaneously.

Maslow's Concept

Refers to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943, which posits that people are motivated by five basic categories of needs: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.