Higgins's (1989) Self-Discrepancy Theory Suggests That We Each Have an "Actual

question 131

Multiple Choice

Higgins's (1989) self-discrepancy theory suggests that we each have an "actual self," an "ought self," and an "ideal self." According to Higgins, discrepancies between the ____ self and the actual self often lead to low self-esteem and feelings of ____.

• A) ought; frustration
• B) ought; shame
• C) ideal; superiority
• D) ideal; hostility

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Definitions:

Pickup Truck

A light motor vehicle with an open-top rear cargo area (bed), typically used for transporting goods.

Negatively Correlated

Refers to two variables which move in opposite directions; when one variable increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Variables

Elements, features, or factors that are likely to vary or change and can be measured, controlled, or manipulated in experiments or models.

Opposite Directions

Refers to two lines or paths that diverge from each other, heading in completely different trajectories.