In Which Stage of Cross' Model of Racial Identity Development

question 16

Multiple Choice

In which stage of Cross' model of racial identity development, is an individual most likely to seek out counselors knowledgeable about his or her own ethnic group?

• A)Stage 1: Pre-encounter
• B)Stage 2: Encounter
• C)Stage 3: Immersion-emersion
• D)Stage 4: Internalization

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Definitions:

Dehumanization

Occurs when bureaucracies treat clients as standard cases and personnel as cogs in a giant machine. This treatment frustrates clients and lowers worker morale.

Bureaucratic Ritualism

A phenomenon within bureaucracies characterized by a strict adherence to rules and procedures to the extent that the original objectives of the organization are undermined or lost.

Group Inequalities

Disparities between different social groups in access to resources, opportunities, and rights, often rooted in historical, economic, or social factors.

Conflict Theory

A theoretical framework that views social life as a competition, focusing on the conflicts between different social classes or groups for resources and power.