Manuel Applied for a Variance from the Local Zoning Ordinance

question 75

Essay

Manuel applied for a variance from the local zoning ordinance in order to build a building. His neighbor, Sandra, appeared before the zoning board to speak in opposition to the application. At the hearing, Sandra testified under oath and made several untruthful statements regarding Manuel's character which she believed, but which were not correct. The variance was denied. Manuel is now considering a lawsuit against Sandra for slander. Does Manuel have a valid cause of action against Sandra? Explain. What are the elements that he must prove to win a case of slander? What defenses can Sandra raise to the action?

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Definitions:

Gold Coins

A type of currency made from gold, used historically as a medium of exchange and a store of value.

Small Denomination Time Deposits

Savings accounts or certificates of deposit in banks that have smaller balances and are subject to a specified time frame before withdrawal.

Large Denomination Time Deposits

High-value deposits in a bank with fixed terms, which typically offer higher interest rates than regular savings accounts.

M2

A measure of the money supply that includes cash, checking deposits, and easily convertible near-money instruments, such as savings deposits and money market securities.