Four-Year-Old Gustav Appears to Be Talking to Himself as He

question 36

Essay

Four-year-old Gustav appears to be talking to himself as he is building a tower of blocks. Describe Vygotsky's take on this behavior (e.g., Is this normal behavior? Is this a helpful behavior? Will this behavior go away?).

Recognize the role of consequences in shaping behavior through the law of effect.

Apply understanding of operant conditioning to analyze real-life behaviors and reinforcement scenarios.

Understand the selectivity of phobias and the evolutionary perspective on fear conditioning.

Recognize the importance of measurable, observable behaviors in psychological research.

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Definitions:

Organogenesis

The phase during embryonic development in which the organs of the body are formed.

Postpartum Stage

The period following childbirth, during which the mother's body recovers and adjusts physically and emotionally.

Professional Counselor

A qualified individual who provides guidance and support to people dealing with personal, social, or psychological issues.

Excessive Worrying

A mental state characterized by persistent and overblown concerns about various aspects of one's life, often leading to distress and functional impairments.