Ms Smith, an 85-Year-Old Female, Is Admitted to a Hospital

question 80

Multiple Choice

Ms. Smith, an 85-year-old female, is admitted to a hospital with a hip fracture and dehydration. She is awaiting surgery. Her family reports that she lives alone and has been showing signs of dementia since last month. The doctor suggests she consult a nutritionist because the nurse reports that she is not eating well.
Height: 5'5"Weight: 110 lbs Usual body weight: 125 lbs (6 months ago) Albumin: 2.8 g/dL Hemoglobin: 12 g/dL Prealbumin: 14 mg/dL
Total lymphocyte count: 2500
-The clinician calculates and interprets Ms. Smith's percent (%) unintentional weight change. The result is 13.6%. This is classified as:

• A) mild malnutrition
• B) moderate malnutrition
• C) significant malnutrition
• D) considerable malnutrition
• E) severe malnutrition

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Definitions:

Overdominance

A genetic phenomenon where the heterozygote genotype has a higher fitness or survival advantage than either of the homozygote genotypes.

Underdominance

A genetic condition in which heterozygotes have lower fitness than either homozygote, leading to a tension between alleles that can result in decreased population stability.

QTL Association Studies

Research aimed at identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are associated with specific phenotypic traits by examining the genetic linkage with markers.

Genetically Divergent Populations

Populations that show significant genetic differences from each other, often due to adaptations to different environments or evolutionary pressures.