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What Is a Confounding Variable? How Does It Affect the Validity

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What is a confounding variable? How does it affect the validity of your research study? Describe a research study that contains an example of a confounding variable.


Definitions:

Anaphase I

A stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes are separated and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Sister Chromatids

Identical copies of a chromosome, connected by a centromere, that are created during DNA replication and separated during cell division.

Anaphase II

A phase of meiosis II where sister chromatids are separated and moved to opposite poles of the cell, leading to the formation of four haploid daughter cells.

Metaphase II

A phase of meiosis II where the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, similar to metaphase in mitosis, but this process occurs in a haploid set of chromosomes.

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