A Researcher Reports a Positive Relationship Between Sugar Consumption and Activity

question 67

Multiple Choice

A researcher reports a positive relationship between sugar consumption and activity level for a group of eight-year-old children. However, the researcher cannot be sure whether the extra sugar is causing the children to be more active or whether the extra activity is causing the children to eat more sugar. This is an example of the ____.

• A) third-variable problem
• B) directionality problem
• C) reversal problem
• D) criterion problem

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Definitions:

Hot Flashes

Sudden feelings of warmth, usually most intense over the face, neck, and chest, that can occur during menopause due to hormonal changes.

Estrogen

A group of steroid hormones that promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics of the body.

Progesterone

A steroid hormone that plays a key role in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.

Menopause

A natural biological process marking the end of a woman's reproductive years, characterized by the cessation of menstrual cycles.