The Text Reports the Results of a Test for the Significance

question 5

Multiple Choice

The text reports the results of a test for the significance of the difference in average education for random samples of males and females. Both males and females averaged 13.5 years of schooling. The Z score computed in step 4 for this difference was - 0.29. Given these results, which of the following is a reasonable conclusion?

• A) The difference is statistically significant, large, and important.
• B) The difference is not statistically significant and was probably caused by random chance.
• C) There is an important gender gap in education in the United States.
• D) This difference is statistically significant but quite small.

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Definitions:

United States

A country in North America consisting of 50 states, a federal district, and several territories.

Gray Matter

A component of the central nervous system consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and axons), glial cells, and capillaries, which is critical for processing information in the brain.

Cognitive Functions

The intellectual processes that include thinking, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and memory.

Indifferent Gonad

The embryonic precursor to the sex glands, which develops into either ovaries or testes depending on genetic and hormonal influences.