Dogs Are Trained with a Red-Light S+ and a Yellow-Light

question 11

Multiple Choice

Dogs are trained with a red-light S+ and a yellow-light S- in context 1.Then, in context 2, the same dogs receive training with a yellow-light S+ and a red-light S-.Assuming they receive the same number of reinforcers in each context during training, what will be the role of the contexts in the subsequent test trials in each context?

• A)The contexts will be associated with different S+/S- contingencies.
• B)The contexts will not appear to control behavior because the reinforcers delivered in each context were the same.
• C)Context 1 will cause a peak shift of the performance in context 2 because excitatory training occurred there first.
• D)Context 2 will cause a peak shift of the performance in context 1 because of recency effects.

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Definitions:

Self-Affirmation Theory

A psychological theory suggesting that individuals can maintain their self-integrity by focusing on important aspects of their self-concept, especially when faced with threats.

Representativeness Heuristic

A cognitive short-cut in which instances are assigned to categories or types on the basis of overall similarity or resemblance to the category.

Induced Compliance

A special case of cognitive dissonance: inconsistency is experienced when a person is persuaded to behave in a way that is contrary to an attitude.

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced by an individual who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values at the same time.