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How is avoidance responding related to conditioned fear and the expectation of aversive stimulation?
Correctional Costs
Correctional costs refer to the expenses involved in operating the criminal justice system, particularly those related to incarceration, rehabilitation, and supervision of offenders.
Jim Crow Laws
Laws that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans, primarily in the Southern United States, from the late 19th century into the 20th century.
Southern Strategy
A political strategy that involved the Republican Party appealing to the racism against African Americans inherent in the southern United States to gain political support.
Black Americans
Refers to citizens or residents of the United States who have ancestry from black racial groups of Africa.
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