Read the Paragraph Below and Answer the Questions That Follow

question 30

Multiple Choice

Read the paragraph below and answer the questions that follow.
(1) Just as growing children develop physically in stages, they also progress through stages of moral development. (2) Devised by American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, the stages describe the moral reasoning that guides decision-making. (3) The earliest stage Kohlberg called "pre-conventional." (4) Here, children base their moral decisions on the outcome of a choice. (5) In other words, something is right or wrong depending on whether they will be punished or praised for doing it. (6) The next level is called the "conventional" stage because people at this level base their moral judgments on the conventions of society. (7) Something is right during this stage if most people agree that it is right. (8) Many people do not pass beyond the conventional level of moral reasoning. (9) Those who do have arrived at what Kohlberg termed the "post-conventional" level, a stage at which people base their moral decisions on personal beliefs. (10) People with such convictions will do what they consider is right even if it contradicts social rules or comes with negative consequences.
Select the number of the topic sentence in the paragraph above.

• A) Sentence 1
• B) Sentence 2
• C) Sentence 3

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Definitions:

Adaptive Radiation

An evolutionary lineage that has undergone exceptionally rapid diversification into a variety of lifestyles or ecological niches.

Ecological Niches

Specific positions or roles played by organisms within their environment, considering how they obtain their energy and nutrients, and interact with other organisms.

Clades

Clades are groups of organisms that are classified together based on sharing a common ancestor, thereby forming a branch on the tree of life.

Fossil Record

The collection of physical remains of organisms from the past, preserved in Earth's crust, which provides evidence of the history of life.