How a State Treats Its Own Citizens Used to Be

question 1

Essay

How a state treats its own citizens used to be its own business. Now, members of the international community are claiming that the humane treatment of individuals is fundamental to human rights.
(a) Are there such things as universal human rights?
(b) What should they include?
(c) Why do you think the United States hasn't ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights?

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Definitions:

Uncorrelated

Describes a situation where two or more variables do not have a linear relationship, meaning the change in one variable does not predict the change in another.

Standard Deviation

A metric that reflects the degree of spread or divergence in a group of values, revealing how far the values stray from the central value.

Portfolio

A portfolio consists of various financial assets such as stocks, bonds, commodities, cash, and equivalents like closed-end funds and ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds).

Expected Returns

The anticipated profit or loss from an investment, taking into account the probability of different outcomes.