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Hiccups At Some Point in Your Life, You Have Probably Had

question 77

Multiple Choice

Hiccups
At some point in your life, you have probably had the hiccups. Hiccups are caused by spasms in the diaphragm, a muscle located at the bottom of your chest. As we inhale, the diaphragm contracts, pulling air into the lungs. As we exhale, the diaphragm relaxes, pushing air back out through the mouth and nose. When we hiccup, the diaphragm jerks downward suddenly, pulling a quick burst of air into our lungs. As the air rushes into your body, it hits the voice box. This causes your vocal cords to snap shut, creating the sound we recognize as a hiccup.
Hiccups can be triggered by many different things-eating too much, drinking too fast, sudden change of temperature, stress, fatigue, nervousness, and even excessive laughter can all cause the hiccups. While there are many home remedies for hiccups, there is no evidence to suggest that any of them are actually effective. In fact, most cases of the hiccups go away on their own.
Although hiccups are usually harmless, they can be a sign of something more serious. Long-term hiccups might be a result of damage to the nerves that serve the diaphragm muscle. Persistent hiccups might also be caused by certain central nervous system disorders, traumatic brain injuries, drug abuse, or kidney disease.
Question: Which of the following is NOT a cause of the hiccups according to the passage?

Definitions:

Third Party

A third party is an individual or entity who is not directly involved in a legal agreement or dispute but may be affected by it or have rights or obligations related to it.

Improper Person

An individual deemed unsuitable or unqualified under certain criteria or regulations.

Criminal

Pertaining to or involving crimes, describing actions that are against the law.

Liability

A financial obligation or amount that an individual or entity owes to another.