A Hospital Wants to Estimate the Prevalence of Diabetic Nephropathy

question 100

Multiple Choice

A hospital wants to estimate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in the surrounding population of adults with type 2 diabetes.  Kidney biopsy samples are obtained from 500 adult patients with diabetes who receive care at the hospital.  The samples are then interpreted by 10 different pathologists, 5 of whom work at the hospital and 5 of whom work at nearby institutions.  A preliminary analysis shows that the pathologists who work for the hospital are 3 times more likely to interpret the biopsy samples as diabetic nephropathy compared to those who do not work for the hospital.  Which of the following most likely explains this difference in interpretation?

• A)Confounding
• B)Lead-time bias
• C)Observer bias
• D)Recall bias
• E)Selection bias

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Definitions:

Waiting Time

The time that elapses from a point of request until the commencement of a service or response.

Unemployment Rate

The percentage of the labor force that is jobless and actively looking for employment.

Margin of Error

An expression of the amount of random sampling error in a survey's results, representing how much the results might differ from the true population value.

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