A 5-Week-Old Boy Is Being Evaluated for a Week-Long History

question 527

Multiple Choice

A 5-week-old boy is being evaluated for a week-long history of rapid breathing and tiring with feeds.  The infant was born at home after an uneventful pregnancy.  The mother declined all prenatal testing and ultrasound evaluations.  His temperature is 36.7 C (98 F) , blood pressure is 76/38 mm Hg, pulse is 124/min, and respirations are 66/min.  The patient's cardiovascular examination is notable for a hyperdynamic precordium, a mid-diastolic rumble at the left sternal border, and a 3/6 holosystolic murmur in the apex that radiates to the left axilla.  An echocardiogram shows defects in the lower part of the interatrial septum and the interventricular septum.  This patient's condition is most likely associated with which of the following genetic conditions?

• A)22q11.2 deletion
• B)Autosomal trisomy
• C)Fibrillin mutation
• D)Frataxin mutation
• E)Hamartin gene mutation
• F)Sex chromosome monosomy

Distinguish between the ventral and dorsal streams of the visual system and their respective functions in object recognition and spatial awareness.

Describe color vision theories, including trichromatic and opponent process theories, and understand how color perception is processed in the brain.

Identify and explain perceptual phenomena like visual agnosia, inattentional blindness, and the impact of brain damage on visual perception.

Understand the relationship between light, color mixing, and visual acuity, including practical strategies for maximizing vision in different lighting conditions.

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Definitions:

Environmental Influences

External factors such as culture, weather, and pollution that impact an individual's behavior, development, and health.

Neglected Children

Neglected children are those who do not receive adequate care, supervision, nutrition, medical care, education, or emotional nurturing from their caregivers.

Intellectual Development

The growth and change in a person's ability to think, reason, and understand complex concepts and ideas over time.

Emotional Uncertainty

Emotional uncertainty refers to feelings of indecision or doubt regarding one's own emotions, often experienced in complex emotional or relational contexts.