A 54-Year-Old Sudanese Immigrant Is Evaluated for Several Months of Intermittent

question 456

Multiple Choice

A 54-year-old Sudanese immigrant is evaluated for several months of intermittent dysuria and gross hematuria.  The patient notes that he passes blood at the end of urination but has no associated pain.  Cystoscopy reveals erythematous areas in the bladder mucosa.  Multiple biopsies are taken from the affected sites; histopathological findings are shown in the image below. Which of the following most likely predisposed this patient to his current condition?

• A)Chronic urinary tract obstruction
• B)Contaminated water exposure
• C)Cytotoxic immunosuppressant use
• D)Extensive cigarette smoking
• E)Urea-splitting bacterial infection

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Definitions:

Catch Blocks

Sections of code in many programming languages that are used to handle exceptions or errors during program execution.

NegativeNumberException

A custom exception that could be created to handle or indicate the use of an illegal negative number in a specific context.

Catch Block

A section of code used to handle an exception that occurs in a try block in Java.

Finally Block

A block in Java exception handling that executes code after a try/catch block, regardless of whether an exception was caught.