A 32-Year-Old Male with Anorexia and Fatigue Is Found to Have

question 54

Multiple Choice

A 32-year-old male with anorexia and fatigue is found to have persistently elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels.  He is also positive for HBsAg.  Which of the following best describes the mechanism of liver injury in this patient?

• A)Direct viral cytotoxic effect with hepatocyte necrosis
• B)Antibody response to viral antigens on the cell surface with antibody-mediated cell damage
• C)Circulating viral antigen-antibody complexes with small vessel deposition and immunologic vessel injury
• D)Antigen mimicry with generation of self-antigen recognizing CD4+ T lymphocytes that damage hepatocytes
• E)CD8+ T lymphocyte response to viral antigens on the cell surface resulting in hepatocyte damage

Recognize phenomena explained by the theories of color vision such as negative afterimages and color constancy.

Identify how color vision deficiencies arise and their common forms.

Understand the physical pathway of auditory information from external sound to the auditory cortex.

Learn about the receptor cells in vision and hearing, such as cones in color vision and hair cells for hearing.

---

Definitions:

Escalating Commitment

The phenomenon where individuals or organizations continue to invest time, money, or resources into a failing course of action due to previously invested effort.

Allocation Of Resources

The process of distributing available resources among various competing needs or projects.

Emotional Block

Psychological barrier that prevents a person from achieving a desired outcome or expressing emotions effectively.

Reputation Crises

Situations where an organization's good name is significantly threatened or damaged by negative public perceptions.