Two Groups of Investigators Are Interested in the Problem of Esophageal

question 149

Multiple Choice

Two groups of investigators are interested in the problem of esophageal cancer in a population that has a high prevalence of hot beverage consumption.  One group conducted study A, which showed that hot beverage consumption is associated with esophageal cancer, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.51 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.19 to 1.81.  The other group conducted study B, which demonstrated an OR of 1.46 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.95 to 1.97.  Which of the following statements is most likely true concerning the results of these 2 studies?

• A)The odds ratio estimate obtained in study A is likely not valid.
• B)The p-value for the odds ratio estimate in study B is likely < 0.05.
• C)The results of study A are not statistically significant.
• D)The sample in study B is likely poorly selected.
• E)The sample size in study B is likely too small to detect a difference.

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Definitions:

Muscle

A tissue in the body composed of fibers capable of contracting to produce movement or maintain the position of parts of the body.

Dendrites

The branched projections of a neuron that act to conduct the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma.

Hypothalamic Functions

The roles performed by the hypothalamus, including regulation of temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, and emotional activity.

Cell Nucleus

The membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains DNA, responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division.