A Large-Scale Clinical Trial Was Conducted to Assess the Effect

question 123

Multiple Choice

A large-scale clinical trial was conducted to assess the effect of carvedilol (a mixed alpha- and beta-blocker) on the clinical course of New York Heart Association class III-IV chronic heart failure.  The study reported that serum noradrenaline levels (a marker of the degree of neurohumoral activation) were correlated with serum sodium levels with correlation coefficient r = -0.39 (p = 0.005) .  Which of the following statements best describes the observed relationship between serum noradrenaline levels and serum sodium levels?

• A)Serum noradrenaline levels increase as serum sodium levels decrease
• B)Serum noradrenaline levels increase as serum sodium levels increase
• C)The measure of association does not reach statistical significance
• D)There is a strong correlation between serum noradrenaline and serum sodium levels
• E)Variations in serum noradrenaline levels change serum sodium levels

Compute expected values and standard deviations for specific distributions.

Understand the conditions under which a binomial distribution can be used.

Analyze real-world scenarios using probability distributions to determine outcomes.

Grasp the concept of discrete probability distributions.

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