Answer the Following Questions

question 18

Multiple Choice

Answer the following questions :
-Radical Republicans

• A)The Confederate belief during the Civil War that their cotton was so important to the British and French economies that those governments would recognize the South as an independent nation and supply it with loans and arms.
• B)A legal writ forcing government authorities to justify their arrest and detention of an individual.During the Civil War,Lincoln suspended this legal writ in order to stop protests against the draft and other anti-Union activities.
• C)Slaves who fled plantations and sought protection behind Union lines during the Civil War.
• D)The members of the Republican Party who were bitterly opposed to slavery and to southern slave owners since the mid-1850s.With the Confiscation Act in 1861,members of this party began to use wartime legislation to destroy slavery.
• E)President Abraham Lincoln's proclamation issued on January 1,1863 that legally abolished slavery in all states that remained out of the Union.While this proclamation did not immediately free a single slave,it signaled an end to the institution of slavery.
• F)Paper money issued by the U.S.Treasury during the Civil War to finance the war effort.
• G)A tax adopted by the Confederacy in 1863,requiring all farmers to turn over a tenth of their crops and livestock to the government for military use.The tax demonstrated the southern government's strong use of centralized power;it caused great hardship for poor families.
• H)The system for selecting individuals for conscription,or compulsory military service,first implemented during the Civil War.
• I)A law adopted by the Confederate Congress that exempted one man from military conscription for every twenty slaves owned by a family.The law showed how dependence on coerced slave labor could be a military disadvantage,and it exacerbated class resentments among non-slaveholding whites who were required to serve in the army.
• J)Violent protests against military conscription that occurred in the North,most dramatically in New York City;led by working-class men who could not buy exemption from conscription.
• K)Union guidelines for the laws of war,issued in April,1863.The code ruled that soldiers and prisoners must be treated equally without respect to color or race;justified a range of military actions if they were based on "necessity" and would "hasten surrender";and outlawed the use of torture.The code provided a foundation for later international agreements on the laws of war.
• L)An organization that supported the Union war effort through professional and volunteer medical aid.
• M)An organization of Unionist women that worked to support the war effort,hoping the Union would reward women's patriotism with voting rights after the war.
• N)Members of the Democratic Party that split into two camps over war policy during the Civil War.One faction vowed to continue fighting until the rebellion ended,while the other called for a constitutional convention to negotiate a peace settlement.
• O)A derogatory word for interracial sexual relationships,coined by Democrats in the 1864 election who claimed that emancipation would allow African American men to gain sexual access to white women and produce mixed-race children.
• P)An order by General William T.Sherman,later reversed by policymakers,that granted confiscated land to formerly enslaved families in Georgia and South Carolina so they could farm independently.
• Q)The philosophy and tactics used by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman,by which he treated civilians as combatants.

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Definitions:

Mere Exposure Effect

is a psychological phenomenon wherein individuals develop a preference for things or people they are frequently exposed to, even if there is no conscious recognition of familiarity.

Skeptical Customers

Consumers who approach products or services with doubt and require convincing evidence before making a purchase.

Emotional Appeals

A persuasive technique that attempts to arouse emotional responses in the audience, often used in advertising and speeches to influence attitudes and behaviors.

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological phenomenon where an individual experiences discomfort from holding two or more conflicting beliefs, ideas, or values.