Define Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Discuss the Various Aspects of Prevalence

question 4

Essay

Define oppositional defiant disorder and discuss the various aspects of prevalence (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status).

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Definitions:

Hull-Spence Model

A theory of learning that combines the drive-reduction theory of Clark Hull with the incentive theory of Kenneth Spence, focusing on how reinforcement and drive interact in producing learning behaviors.

Kohler's Relational Approach

A theory in gestalt psychology proposed by Wolfgang Köhler, emphasizing that the nature of parts of a whole is not determined just by the physical properties of the parts but by their relational roles within the whole context.

Continuity Theory

A psychological theory suggesting that individuals maintain a consistent pattern of behavior and personality throughout their life.

Discrimination Learning

The ability to differentiate between various stimuli or situations based on learned characteristics.