Genetic Testing Shows the Parents of a Child with Neurofibromatosis

question 10

Multiple Choice

Genetic testing shows the parents of a child with neurofibromatosis type 1 have no genetic evidence of the disorder. What should you say when the parents ask if any other future offspring will have the same disorder?

• A) "Unfortunately, all offspring will have the disorder."
• B) "There is a 50/50 chance that future offspring will have the disorder."
• C) "The disorder can be stopped if specific lifestyle actions are taken now."
• D) "Since neither of you are effected, the mutation occurred in utero and cannot be passed on to other offspring."

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Definitions:

REM Sleep

A unique phase of sleep characterized by rapid eye movement, increased brain activity, vivid dreams, and temporary paralysis of the muscles.

N1 Sleep

N1 sleep, or the first stage of non-REM sleep, is a transitional phase where one drifts in and out of sleep and can be easily awakened.

N2 Sleep

A stage of sleep characterized by sleep spindles and K-complexes, representing a deeper sleep than N1 and preceding the deeper N3 stage of sleep.

N3 Sleep

The third stage of non-REM sleep, characterized by deep sleep and the lowest levels of physiological activity within the sleep cycle.