The Beneficial Effects of Carvedilol in Persons with Heart Failure

question 3

Multiple Choice

The beneficial effects of carvedilol in persons with heart failure are obtained with the use of which drug administration regimen?

• A) intravenous infusion for 3 to 7 days
• B) low doses that are gradually increased over time
• C) loading doses followed by maintenance doses
• D) high doses that are gradually tapered over time
• E) titration to obtain the desired increase in cardiac output

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Definitions:

Cannon's Theory

Also known as Cannon's fight-or-flight theory, it describes the body's automatic response to threatening or stressful situations.

Pleasure Principle

The driving force of the id that seeks immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs.

Drive Reduction

A theory in psychology suggesting that behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological needs.

Incentives

Rewards or stimuli that motivate individuals to perform a certain action or exhibit a desired behavior.