In 1856, John Stuart Mill Presented Three Methods of Hypothesis

question 22

Multiple Choice

In 1856, John Stuart Mill presented three methods of hypothesis formulation in disease etiology: method of difference, method of agreement, and method of concomitant variation. Which of the following best defines method of agreement?

• A) The frequency is common to a number of circumstances where the disease occurs at a high frequency.
• B) If the frequency of a disease differs between two locations, it may be because a particular factor varies between those two places.
• C) A single factor is common to a number of circumstances where the disease occurs at a high frequency.

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Definitions:

Level of Significance

A threshold used in hypothesis testing that determines the probability of wrongly rejecting a true null hypothesis.

T-test

A statistical method employed to ascertain whether there's a notable difference in the average values of two distinct groups.

Null Hypothesis

A statement positing that there is no significant difference or relationship between specified populations, any observed difference being due to sampling or experimental error.

Probability

A measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, quantified between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty.