Cloward and Ohlin's Theory Argued That Criminal and Deviant Behavior

question 31

Multiple Choice

Cloward and Ohlin's theory argued that criminal and deviant behavior is learned like other behaviors and that not everyone has the same opportunities to learn criminal skills and have criminal careers. Whose work provided the basis for these ideas?

• A) Edwin Sutherland and Robert Merton
• B) Roberta Agnew
• C) James Cressey
• D) James Cressey and Edwin Sutherland

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Definitions:

Fractional Reserve Economy

An economic system where banks hold a portion of customers' deposits in reserve and lend out the remainder, thus creating money.

Required Reserve Ratio

The minimum fraction of deposits banks are required by law to keep as reserves, either in their vaults or on deposit at a central bank.

Term Auction Facility

A monetary policy tool used by the Federal Reserve to provide short-term loans to banks, aiming to improve liquidity and stability in financial markets.

Bank Insolvency

A situation where a bank's liabilities exceed its assets, making it unable to meet its obligations and continue its operations.