Consider a Study in Which People Were Recruited and Followed

question 39

Multiple Choice

Consider a study in which people were recruited and followed for 40 years to determine their health problems. The researchers were interested in lung cancer so at the end of the study they counted the number of participants who had died from lung cancer, or currently had it, and those that did not. They also counted how many were non-smokers their whole life or had been smokers at some point in their lives. The number of non-smokers with lung cancer was 36 and the number of non-smokers with no sign of lung cancer was 815. The number of smokers with lung cancer was 26 and the number of smokers with no sign of lung cancer was 161.
What is the odds ratio of lung cancer for participants who were smokers?

• A) 3.29
• B) 3.66
• C) 4.02
• D) 4.55

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Definitions:

Environmental Damage

The detrimental impact human activities have on the natural world, including air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change.

Shared Value

The policies and operating practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while simultaneously advancing the economic and social conditions in the communities in which it operates.

Competitiveness

The ability of a company or country to produce goods or services that meet the quality standards of the global market at competitive prices.

Economic Conditions

The current state of the economy, including factors such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.