When Two Heterozygotes Are Mated, the Ratios of the Offspring

question 30

Multiple Choice

When two heterozygotes are mated, the ratios of the offspring produced should be in a 1:2:1 ratio if normal Mendelian segregation is occurring. If one of the alleles is dominant, then the phenotypes observed should be present in a 3:1 ratio with the dominant phenotype more common than the recessive one. We can use an ?² goodness-of-fit test to test whether the ratio of offspring is indeed 3:1. Imagine a cross is performed and the number of offspring observed are 65 with the dominant phenotype and 35 with the recessive phenotype. Using the table of critical values shown, what is the P-value range we would obtain for our test?
?
$\begin{array}{c}\chi^{2} \text { critical values }\\\text { for } d f=2\\\begin{array}{ll}\text { Sig. level } & \text { Value } \\\hline 0.05 & 3.84 \\0.025 & 5.02 \\0.01 & 6.63\end{array}\end{array}$

• A) 0.05 < P
• B) 0.025 < P < 0.05
• C) 0.01 < P < 0.025
• D) P < 0.01

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Definitions:

Bushels of Grain

A measure of volume used primarily in agriculture to quantify crops, with the specifics varying by the type of grain.

Acres of Pasture

Measures of land area dedicated to grazing livestock or used for fodder production.

Budget

An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time.

Cost Function

A relationship in mathematics that outlines how changes in production volume affect the costs associated with production.