Why Did the Benedictine Monastery at Cluny Establish Itself as an Early

question 53

Multiple Choice

Why did the Benedictine monastery at Cluny establish itself as an early center of religious reform?

• A) Its location in east-central France was sufficiently far removed from Rome that it could challenge the papacy on many key questions without fear of reprisal.
• B) Since the monastery's possessions and property were in the hands of Saints Peter and Paul and not those of its benefactors, the abbots of Cluny were not beholden to any one ruler and could position themselves as universal reformers.
• C) The Cluniac monks argued that the Cistercians and Carthusians had become too lax in their devotional practices and too worldly in their orientation; Cluny's liturgical reforms ensured its role as the vanguard of reform.
• D) The Cluniac monks were drawn overwhelmingly from the peasantry and as such were in a strong position to call for reform of an institution whose members generally hailed from the higher orders of society.

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