A Pigeon Is Trained with Two Separate S^D Stimuli, a Tone

question 81

Multiple Choice

A pigeon is trained with two separate S^D stimuli, a tone and a yellow light. Assume that a green light serves as an S^Δ and acquires an extraordinary amount of inhibition, such that it will generalize very widely across the spectrum. What should happen to peak shift around the S^D?

• A) Nothing.
• B) It should be shifted very far toward red.
• C) It will be reduced (i.e., the spread of inhibition will go past the S^D, making the excitatory gradient around the S^D very narrow).
• D) It will actually reverse the peak shift, moving it to wavelengths below green.

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Definitions:

Stroma

The supportive tissue framework of an organ, or the dense fluid within chloroplasts where the Calvin cycle occurs in photosynthesis.

Chloroplast

An organelle found in plant and algal cells that conducts photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

ATP Synthase Complex

An enzyme complex that synthesizes ATP, the cell's energy currency, using a proton gradient across the membrane.

Cellular Respiration

A metabolic process that converts glucose into ATP, releasing energy for cellular processes, occurring in the mitochondria of cells.