To Confirm Causality, a Researcher Analyzes the Data to Verify

question 4

Multiple Choice

To confirm causality, a researcher analyzes the data to verify that any change in an independent variable occurs prior to a corresponding change in the outcome variable. What is this type of verification called?

• A) empirical analysis
• B) longitudinal study
• C) time order
• D) reverse causation

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Definitions:

Outcome Probabilities

Outcome probabilities are the likelihood or chances that specific results will occur, often used in the context of predictive analysis or decision-making processes.

Timing

refers to the selection of the most suitable or effective moment to take action or make a decision, often crucial for success.

Preconditions

Necessary conditions that must exist or be met before a particular action can occur.

Integrative Negotiation Process

is a collaborative approach to negotiation in which parties work together to find a mutually beneficial outcome, focusing on interests rather than positions.