The Matthew Effect Says That, in General

question 62

Multiple Choice

The Matthew effect says that, in general,

• A) the more a scientist is paid, the more successful they will be
• B) scientists working in private laboratories achieve more than those who are employed by public universities
• C) those who have early advantages in their career in science are more likely than those who do not to have further advantages over the course of their career
• D) most scientists peak at an early stage of their career and achieve relatively little after their mid-career

Recognize the importance of measures of variability (standard deviation, variance) and center (mean, median, mode) in summarizing data sets.

Apply the Empirical Rule and Tchebysheff's Theorem to both theoretical and practical scenarios.

Identify appropriate scenarios for the use of different measures of variability and center.

Determine the impact of data distribution shape (mound-shaped distributions) on statistical measures.

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Definitions:

Disaffirm Contracts

A legal term referring to a party's right to renounce a contract, typically used in the context where one party is not legally bound due to age or mental status.

Necessaries

Essential items or services required for an individual's basic needs and well-being, often related to contracts with minors.

Parent or Guardian Supplies

Items or provisions supplied by a parent or guardian for the care, support, or benefit of their ward or child.

Unconscionability

A doctrine in contract law that describes terms that are so extremely unjust or overwhelmingly one-sided in favor of the party who has superior bargaining power.