Rachels Analyzes the Structure of Ethical Relativism, Which He Calls

question 13

Multiple Choice

Rachels analyzes the structure of ethical relativism, which he calls "cultural relativism," to show that the claims made by its proponents go beyond what the facts or arguments can establish. He contends that the central argument, "the cultural difference argument," is invalid because even if there is broad cultural disagreement over morality, it does not prove that there is no truth in the matter any more than the fact that flat-Earthers disagree with round-Earthers proves that there is no independent truth of that matter. Rachels points out three unfavorable consequences of cultural relativism that make it implausible. He also points out two virtues of the doctrine.
-According to Rachels, the first premise in the cultural differences argument is

• A) different cultures have the same moral codes.
• B) different cultures have common values.
• C) different cultures see objective moral truth differently.
• D) different cultures have different moral codes.

---

Definitions:

New Deal

A series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States during the 1930s to help recover from the Great Depression.

Popular Democrats

Likely refers to members or supporters of the Democratic Party who focus on policies and practices aimed at representing and benefiting the general populace.

Partisan Municipal Elections

Elections for city or local government positions where candidates are explicitly affiliated with and endorsed by political parties.

Nonpartisan Municipal Elections

Local government elections in which candidates are not officially affiliated with political parties, aiming to focus on community issues rather than party ideology.