In This Essay Pojman Makes a Case Against the Kind

question 4

Multiple Choice

In this essay Pojman makes a case against the kind of ethical egoism defended by such thinkers as Thomas Hobbes and Ayn Rand. Appealing to the paradox of egoism, he distinguishes between two levels of thinking about the self. On a higher (tier 2) level, a person legitimately concerns him- or herself with prospects for his or her happiness, but, in so reflecting, he or she rationally concludes that the best way to realize happiness on an everyday (tier 1) level is to develop a strong (nonegoistic) disposition toward altruism. Limited, reciprocal altruism offers us the best chance for happiness.
-According to Pojman, universal ethical egoism is the theory that everyone should always

• A) serve my best interest.
• B) be selfish.
• C) be egotistical.
• D) serve his or her own self-interest.

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Definitions:

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A biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, characterized by redness, warmth, swelling, and pain.

Tendon

A tough, flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones, enabling movement of the body.