Russ Shafer-Landau Is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

question 14

Multiple Choice

Russ Shafer-Landau is professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is the author, editor, or coeditor of several books including The Fundamentals of Ethics, fourth edition (2017) and The Ethical Life, fourth edition (2017) . He is also the editor of Oxford Studies in Metaethics. In this reading he reviews some common criticisms of utilitarianism and argues that although some of them are less than decisive, others pose serious problems for the theory. Utilitarianism's most crippling shortcomings are its insistence that there is no intrinsic wrongness (or rightness) and its requirement that we must maximize well-being even if justice is thwarted.
-It seems that utilitarianism sometimes must advocate cases of

• A) universal mercy.
• B) supererogation.
• C) vicarious punishment.
• D) intrinsic justice.

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Definitions:

Adenohypophysis

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland responsible for secreting several key hormones, including growth hormone and ACTH, which regulate various physiological processes.

Infundibulum

A funnel-shaped structure; it can refer to part of the fallopian tube close to the ovary, or to a structure in the brain that connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.

Equilibrium

The condition in which all acting influences are balanced or canceled by equal opposing forces, resulting in a stable system.

Endocrine System

The collection of glands that produce hormones to regulate processes such as growth, metabolism, and sexual function.