Exposing Inner Mitochondrial Membranes to Ultrasonic Vibrations Will Disrupt the Membranes

question 47

Multiple Choice

Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." These little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. If the membranes are agitated further, however, the ability to synthesize ATP is lost.
-After the further agitation of the membrane vesicles, what must be lost from the membrane?

• A) the ability of NADH to transfer electrons to the first acceptor in the electron transport chain
• B) the prosthetic groups like heme from the transport system
• C) cytochromes
• D) ATP synthase, in whole or in part
• E) the contact required between inner and outer membrane surfaces

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Definitions:

Neurotransmitters

Chemical substances in the nervous system that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Neuron

A neuron, which serves as the foundational unit of the nervous system, is essential for the reception, processing, and communication of information via electrical and chemical signals.

Impulse

A sudden, involuntary urge to do something.

Neural Transmission

The process by which neurons communicate with each other through electrical and chemical signals.