Tolman Demonstrated That Rats Can Learn to Run a Maze

question 4

Multiple Choice

Tolman demonstrated that rats can learn to run a maze correctly even though they were never reinforced for successfully running through it. This demonstrated the phenomenon of

• A) latent learning.
• B) vicarious reinforcement.
• C) insight learning.
• D) trial and error learning.

Understand the evolution of Freud's career from a neurologist to a psychoanalyst.

Grasp the concept of wish fulfillment and its role in Freudian theory.

Recognize the impact of Freudian theory on the understanding of human behavior and psyche.

Understand the concept of defense mechanisms according to Freud.

---

Definitions:

System of Linear Equations

A collection of one or more linear equations involving the same variables.

Matrix

A rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns.

Matrix

A rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns used in mathematics to perform linear transformations and solve systems of linear equations.

Determinant

A scalar value that can be calculated from the elements of a square matrix and encapsulates certain properties of the matrix. It is often used to determine the invertibility of the matrix.