Which One of the Following Concepts Does NOT Exist in Western

question 40

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following concepts does NOT exist in Western European labor relations systems?

• A) Exclusive representation of a bargaining unit.
• B) Bargaining with unions in addition to work councils.
• C) Bargaining between representatives of employer associations and representatives of a confederation of unions.
• D) Benefits obtained more quickly through the political arena.
• E) A great commitment to and high expenditures on training.

---

Definitions:

Population standard deviation

The square root of the variance of a population, which measures the dispersion of a set of values relative to their mean.

Margin of error

An expression of the amount of random sampling error in a survey's results. It represents the range within which the true value lies, based on a certain confidence level.

Sample mean

The average of a set of data points or observations taken from a larger population.

Checkout times

The duration or period it takes for a customer to complete a purchase transaction from start to finish.