DrGarrett Emphasized in Lecture That Although the Dopamine Hypothesis Has

question 3

Multiple Choice

Dr.Garrett emphasized in lecture that although the dopamine hypothesis has contributed significantly to the understanding of drug abuse,it is becoming increasingly dubious that ___ maintains long-term drug abuse.

• A)conditioning processes
• B)negative reinforcement
• C)reward
• D)avoidance or escape from withdrawal symptoms

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Definitions:

Optogenetics

A biotechnological method that uses light to control cells within living tissue, often neurons, to precisely study and manipulate physiological processes.

Channelrhodopsin-2

A light-sensitive ion channel used in optogenetics for controlling and studying neurons with light.

Halorhodopsin

A light-activated chloride pump used in optogenetics to inhibit neurons by hyperpolarizing their membrane potential.

Spatial Summation

Addition of one graded potential to another that occur close in space.