The Problem of Scarce Resources

question 153

Multiple Choice

The problem of scarce resources:

• A) can be solved in a market economy, but not in a command economy.
• B) can be solved if all resources are jointly owned by the public and private sectors.
• C) implies that the resources are not freely available.
• D) arises because all natural resources are owned by the government in every country.
• E) can be solved by lowering taxes in an economy.

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Definitions:

Extinction

The gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when the reinforcement is no longer presented.

Conditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that initially has no inherent significance but acquires the ability to evoke a response after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus.

Stimulus Discrimination

The ability to distinguish between one particular stimulus and similar stimuli, not responding the same way to variations of the original stimulus.

Conditioned Stimulus

A neutral stimulus that, once it becomes linked with an unconditioned stimulus, ultimately leads to eliciting a conditioned response.