Theory of Mind Research Indicates That by Age 3, Children

question 24

Multiple Choice

Theory of mind research indicates that by age 3, children realize that

• A) doing well on a task depends on focusing attention.
• B) a person reading a book or looking at pictures is thinking.
• C) thinking takes place inside their heads.
• D) if you "know" something you are more certain than if you "guessed."

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Definitions:

Sensitization

An increase in behavioral response after exposure to a stimulus, often leading to an exaggerated response to a later stimulus.

Habituation

The process by which an organism decreases or ceases its responses to a repetitive stimulus over time.

Behavioral Contrast

A phenomenon where the rate of response to a stimulus changes significantly when the conditions of reinforcement for another stimulus are altered.

Higher-order Conditioning

A form of learning in which a stimulus is first made meaningful or consequential for an organism through an initial step of learning, and then that stimulus is used as a basis for learning about some new stimulus.