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Above is the Exit, Voice, and Loyalty game between the state (S) and the citizen (C). E is what the citizen gets from her exit option. R is what the state gets from the support (revenue) of the citizen. 0 is what the citizen gets for remaining loyal to the state. c is the cost for the citizen of exercising her voice option.
For the following questions, let R =2. Let c = 0.25.
-Now let E = −.25. . Write the payoffs for both actors in the game above. What is the subgame perfect equilibrium? Please answer in the form (citizen's 1st choice, citizen's 2nd choice; state's choice).
Contrarian Approach
An investment strategy that involves going against prevailing market trends or sentiments, buying underperforming assets, and selling when they perform well.
Abnormal Returns
Returns on a security that exceed or fall below what is anticipated based on market or model predictions, often attributed to unexpected events.
Macroeconomic Event
A large-scale economic occurrence affecting the economy as a whole, such as inflation, unemployment, or a recession.
Market Decline
A period in which stock prices fall across the majority of the market, often leading to a decrease in investor confidence.
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