Before the Secret Ballot Was Introduced into American Elections, Voting

question 1

Multiple Choice

Before the secret ballot was introduced into American elections, voting was done by:

• A) the long ballot
• B) Greek-style town meetings of all citizens
• C) initiatives and referenda
• D) the "oral vote"

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Definitions:

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency to overemphasize internal characteristics and underestimate external factors when explaining others' behaviors.

Internal Characteristics

Traits or attributes that are inherent to an individual, guiding behavior and thought processes.

Learned Helplessness

A condition in which a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed.

Reactance

A psychological response where individuals experience discomfort and react in opposition when they perceive their freedoms or choices are being restricted.