Fifi and Mimi Are Playing a Coin-Flipping Game

question 26

Multiple Choice

Fifi and Mimi are playing a coin-flipping game. Whenever the coin lands on heads, Fifi wins $1. If tails are flipped, Mimi wins $1. For the first 20 flips, the coin has landed on heads. "Time to switch," Fifi says, believing that tails are due to win. "You have heads, and I'll take tails." After switching, the coin, once again, lands on heads. In this example, Fifi has fallen victim to _____________.

• A) The illusory superiority effect
• B) Optimism bias
• C) The gambler's fallacy
• D) The sunk cost effect
• E) The representativeness heuristic

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Definitions:

Objective Impossibility

This term describes a situation where the fulfillment of a contract's obligations cannot be carried out by anyone due to external circumstances, such as the destruction of something necessary for performance.

Subjective Impossibility

A situation where completing a contract's obligation is impossible due to circumstances personal to the obligated party.

Performance

in the context of contracts, refers to the execution of duties or the fulfillment of obligations specified in the contract.

Substantial Performance

A legal concept indicating that a party has completed the major obligations of a contract, even if minor details were not completed, often entitling that party to payment.