You and Your Fellow Deep-Sea Scientists Have Discovered a New

question 71

Essay

You and your fellow deep-sea scientists have discovered a new form of marine invertebrate, and are anxious to determine the similarities and differences to animals already characterized.Chemical analysis reveals the following concentrations of permeable cations:
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline \text { [on } & \text { in] } \mathrm { mM } & \text { out] } \mathrm { mM } \\\hline \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } & 50 & 450 \\\hline \mathrm { K } ^ { + } & 420 & 20 \\\hline \mathrm { Mg } ^ { + + } & 10 & 60 \\\hline \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - } & 50 & 550 \\\hline\end{array}$$
Nernst equation: E_ion = 61/z × log [ion]_out/[ion]_in
-Control of the neuromuscular junction in this new invertebrate is found to involve dual innervation, where one motor neuron secretes an excitatory neurotransmitter and another secretes an inhibitory neurotransmitter onto the muscle.How does this compare to the human neuromuscular junction? Propose three different types of inhibitory receptors/channels that would produce inhibition of the invertebrate muscle, specifying ion and direction of ion flow.For each ion, calculate the equilibrium potential.What similarity do you notice in the equilibrium potentials of the ions involved, and how is that significant? How may inhibition be accomplished in human muscle?

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Definitions:

Weaknesses

Attributes or areas that require improvement to reach desired goals or to maintain competitiveness.

Strategy

A high-level plan or set of actions designed to achieve long-term or overall goals under conditions of uncertainty.

Opportunities

Circumstances or situations that present potential for growth, development, or success.

Markov Analysis

A statistical process that uses probabilities to predict future states based on current events, often used in decision-making and economic forecasts.