What Is Meant by Negative Reinforcement?​

question 161

Multiple Choice

What is meant by negative reinforcement?​

• A)Reinforcement by avoiding pain
• B)Presenting a weaker than average reinforcement​
• C)Reinforcement for doing nothing​
• D)​Omitting a positive reinforcement

Assess the effect of government contracts on nonprofit responsiveness to government directives.

Identify strategies to simplify the grant process recommended by the Urban Institute.

Understand the regulations around combining government funds with private funds in nonprofit organizations.

Realize the limitations of government funding in covering nonprofit indirect costs.

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Definitions:

Average Total Cost

The average total cost (ATC) is an economic concept that calculates the total cost of producing a good or service divided by the quantity of output produced. It is used to determine the per-unit cost of production.

Oligopoly

A market structure characterized by a few large firms dominating the industry, often leading to limited competition and potentially higher prices for consumers.

Purely Competitive

A market structure characterized by many buyers and sellers, homogenous products, free entry and exit, and no single participant having control over prices.

Average Total Cost

The total cost of production divided by the number of goods produced; a measurement of the cost of producing each unit.