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Standardized Variables Are Generated by Subtracting the Mean of a Variable

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Standardized variables are generated by subtracting the mean of a variable from each observation and multiplying the result by the standard deviation of that variable.


Definitions:

Herfindahl-Hirschman Index

A measure used to determine the level of competition within an industry, calculated by summing the squares of the market shares for each firm within the industry.

Concentration Ratio

A measure used in economics to assess the degree of market concentration by calculating the market share of the largest firms within an industry.

Market Share

The proportion of total sales or revenue generated by a company within a particular market, compared to the total market size.

Concentration Ratio

The concentration ratio is a measure used in economics to assess the level of competition within an industry by indicating the market share controlled by the top firms.

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