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________ Research Is Used to Test Hypotheses About Cause-And-Effect Relationships

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________ research is used to test hypotheses about cause-and-effect relationships.


Definitions:

Unconditioned Stimuli

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally triggers an automatic response without prior learning.

Higher-Order Conditioning

A conditioning process where a stimulus that's associated with a conditioned stimulus also becomes a conditioned stimulus itself.

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance of an extinguished response (in a weaker form) when an organism is exposed to the original conditioned stimulus following a rest period.

Extinction

In behavioral psychology, the process by which a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears after the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

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