The Data in the Following Table Represent Time-Study Observations on a New

question 133

Essay

The data in the following table represent time-study observations on a new operation with three work elements. On the basis of these observations, find the standard time for the process. Assume an 8% allowance factor.
$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\quad$$\text{Observations (times in seconds)}$
$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline \text { Element } & \text { Performance Rating } & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\\hline 1 & 105 \% & 110.2 & 110.8 & 112.3 & 108.7 \\\hline 2 & 90 \% & 114.7 & 115.7 & 114.8 & 114.2 \\\hline 3 & 115 \% & 109.2 & 109.3 & 109.2 & 108.9 \\\hline\end{array}$

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Definitions:

Manufacturing Overhead

Refers to all the costs associated with the manufacturing process except for direct materials and direct labor.

Variable Manufacturing Overhead

Variable manufacturing overhead includes expenses that fluctuate with production levels, such as materials and utility costs directly associated with manufacturing.

Fixed Manufacturing Overhead

Costs that do not vary with the level of production or sales, such as rent, salaries, and insurance for manufacturing facilities.

Direct Labor-Hours

The collective number of hours that employees, who are directly engaged in the production of a good or the provision of a service, have worked.