The Following Eight Questions Refer to Figure 32

question 20

Multiple Choice

The following eight questions refer to Figure 32.2A (morphological) and Figure 32.2B (molecular) phylogenetic trees of the animal kingdom.

Figure 32.2A: Morphological Phylogeny

Figure 32.2B: Molecular Phylogeny
-In the traditional phylogeny (Fig. 32.2A) , the sponges are considered to be a clade, whereas in the molecular phylogeny (Fig. 32.2B) , sponges

• A)do not all have a common ancestor that is unique only to them.
• B)are polyphyletic.
• C)called the Calcarea should actually be included among the eumetazoa.
• D)called the Silicea are the sole organisms that should be properly called "sponges."
• E)called the Calcarea diverged from the lineage that eventually produced the eumetazoa earlier than did the Silicea.

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Definitions:

ECG

A test that records the electrical activity of the heart to detect heart conditions.

ECGs

Electrocardiograms, a medical test that measures the electrical activity of the heart to identify abnormalities.

Atrioventricular Valves

Heart valves located between the atria and ventricles, enabling blood flow from the atria to the ventricles while preventing backflow.

Semilunar Valves

Valves located at the exit of both the left and right ventricles of the heart, which prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles.